Chinese e-commerce firm PDD Holdings saw first-quarter net profit fall 47% to C¥14.7-billion (R36.6-billion) as its domestic platform suffered from intense local competition and its international business was hit by global trade uncertainty.

US-listed shares of the company fell more than 19% in pre-market trading.

PDD’s “massive bottom line miss is due to much weaker than expected operating margin, likely impacted by US tariffs”, said Mscience analyst Vinci Zhang.

Despite deep price cuts by retailers and government stimulus measures to boost spending, a prolonged property crisis in the world’s second-largest economy has cast a shadow over consumer spending in China, even on PDD’s Pinduoduo, which has out-performed peers with its low-price focus.

“Slower domestic consumption, intensified competition and global trade frictions are weighing on growth,” said US Tiger Securities analyst Bo Pei. “Elevated costs reflect strategic promotional activities and advertising spend to support merchant sales. It’s aimed at supporting the platform’s long-term ecosystem health but sacrifices near-term profitability.”

China’s largest online e-commerce platforms — Alibaba, Pinduoduo and JD.com — have been scrambling for a greater share of the domestic market, sparking a long-running price war to entice consumers to open their wallets.

Tariff war

Alibaba’s quarterly revenue also missed estimates, although JD.com notched a beat, buoyed by a government trade-in scheme focused on its strongest categories, including home appliances and electronics.

Meanwhile, a tit-for-tat tariff escalation between the US and China, followed by a temporary 90-day de-escalation, has generated widespread uncertainty for global business Temu.

Read: Takealot is feeling pressure from Amazon and Temu: Naspers

“Radical change in external policy environments such as tariffs has created significant pressure for our merchants,” PDD chairman and co-ceo Chen Lei told analysts in a post-earnings call.

The US earlier this month slashed tariff rates for goods from China valued at under US$800 entering the country under the de minimis provision, a trade exemption leveraged by Temu to avoid tariffs and keep prices low.

“Our global business is working with merchants across regions to bring stable prices and abundant supply to strengthen our operations in the markets we serve,” Chen said, reiterating Temu’s desire not to raise prices in the face of tariffs and its strategic shift to seeing more orders fulfilled by local merchants.

PDD reported revenue of C¥95.7-billion for the quarter ended 31 March, compared with analysts’ average estimate of C¥102.51-billion, according to data compiled by LSEG. — Arsheeya Bajwa and Casey Hall, (c) 2025 Reuters

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