A global economic body has proposed overhauling the way multinationals, particularly technology giants, are taxed to make sure they pay their fair share in countries where they do significant business.

The plan from the Paris-based Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development, which advises 134 countries, comes after France and the US agreed in August to find a way to better tax digital businesses by mid-2020.

The proposal, which applies to multinationals in all sectors, would reallocate some tax revenue to countries where big companies such as Google, Facebook, Amazon and Apple “have significant consumer-facing activities and generate their profits”, the OECD said.

Currently, multinationals tend to pay most of their tax in the country where they are based.

That is particularly true for business carried out online, such as ad revenue from online searches or social media.

“We’re making real progress to address the tax challenges arising from digitalisation of the economy, and to continue advancing toward a consensus-based solution,” said OECD secretary-general Angel Gurria.

The issue has become particularly big in the European Union, where multinationals with business across the continent pay taxes almost exclusively in the EU nation where their local headquarters are based, often a low-tax haven like Ireland, Luxembourg or the Netherlands.

Tax breaks

In some cases, the small countries have been accused of offering advantageous tax terms to multinationals who agree to establish headquarters there.

The EU has ordered Apple to pay Ireland almost US$15-billion in back taxes, for example, after finding that their tax deal was unfair because it was better than what other regular companies could expect.

The issue of how to better tax multinationals, particularly digital businesses, came to a head over the summer after France put a tax on the digital operations of large tech companies.

That drew complaints from the US, where most of the big tech companies are based.