Intel CEO Pat Gelsinger has been forced out less than four years after taking the helm of the company, handing control to two lieutenants as the faltering American chip-making icon searches for a permanent replacement.

Gelsinger, who resigned on Monday, left after a board meeting last week during which directors felt Gelsinger’s costly and ambitious plan to turn Intel around was not working and the progress of change was not fast enough, according to a person familiar with the matter. The board told Gelsinger he could retire or be removed, and he chose to step down, according to the source.

His departure comes well before the completion of his four-year road map to restore the company’s lead in making the fastest and smallest computer chips, a crown it lost to Taiwan’s TSMC, which makes chips for Intel rivals such as Nvidia.

Under Gelsinger, Intel, which was founded in 1968 and for decades formed the bedrock of Silicon Valley’s global dominance in chips, has withered to a market value more than 30 times smaller than Nvidia, the leader in artificial intelligence chips.

Gelsinger in 2021 inherited a company rife with challenges that he compounded. Setting lofty ambitions for manufacturing and AI capabilities among major clients, Intel ultimately lost or cancelled contracts under his watch and was unable to deliver the promised goods. He made optimistic claims about prospective AI chip deals that exceeded Intel’s own estimates, leading the company to scrap a recent revenue forecast about a month ago.

Gelsinger, 63, has assured both investors and US officials, who are subsidising Intel’s turnaround, that his manufacturing plans remain on track. But the full results will not be known until next year, when the company aims to bring a flagship laptop chip back into its own factories.

US subsidies

Shares of the company fell 0.5%. The stock has lost more than half of its value this year, and it was replaced last month by Nvidia on the blue-chip Dow Jones Industrial Average index. Rival AMD climbed 3.6%, as the PHLX Semiconductor Index rose 2.6%.

The company named chief financial officer David Zinsner and senior executive Michelle Johnston Holthaus as interim co-CEOs while its board conducted a search for a new CEO. The moves come less than a week after US officials gave US$7.9-billion in subsidies to Intel.

The board has formed a search committee for Gelsinger’s successor.

Read: Qualcomm backs away from possible deal to buy Intel

“While we have made significant progress in regaining manufacturing competitiveness and building the capabilities to be a world-class foundry, we know that we have much more work to do at the company and are committed to restoring investor confidence,” Frank Yeary, independent chair of the board, said in a release.

Intel’s communications chief, Karen Kahn, is also planning to leave the company, according to two people with knowledge of the situation.

Gelsinger announced his turnaround plan in July 2021, when the company was already troubled by years of missteps in its manufacturing operations, and then embarked on a spending spree. It started construction on a $20-billion suite of new factories in Ohio and hiring a larger workforce — at 132 000 — than Intel had ever maintained even during its days as the biggest player in the chip business.

But the spending coincided with a post-pandemic collapse in the market for laptops and PCs, which in turn sank Intel’s gross margins well below historical norms and depressed its stock price, sparking takeover interest in the company. The spending eventually forced Gelsinger to come up with a menu of layoffs and potential sales and spinouts of assets.

“The stock lost more than 60% under his tenure, so this shouldn’t have come as a very big surprise,” said Ryan Detrick, chief market strategist for investment advisory firm Carson Group.

“New leadership is needed to turn things around and it is safe to say that any of his major strategic decisions are on the chopping board, including the move to focus on being a contract manufacturer.”

Gelsinger also failed to field an effective AI chip challenger to Nvidia, which began its march towards becoming a $3-trillion company by powering services such as ChatGPT.

“At the end of the day, you need leading-edge products, innovation and execution, none of which we saw during Pat Gelsinger’s reign,” said Hans Mosesmann, an analyst at Rosenblatt Securities.

Gelsinger’s turnaround plan centred on Intel becoming a major player in contract manufacturing for others, a business model called a “foundry” in the chip industry. Intel has announced a handful of foundry customers such as Microsoft and Amazon.com, but neither would bring to Intel’s factories the huge volumes of chips needed to ensure the factories’ profitability.

Read: Intel, AMD team up to confront challenge from ARM

The spending spree, coupled with the lack of tangible progress in the company’s foundry, created tension on the board of directors, causing Lip-Bu Tan, a board member who himself had turned around a faltering firm in the chip industry, to leave over disagreements with Gelsinger’s strategy. — Arsheeya Bajwa, Stephen Nellis, Max Cherney and Anirban Sen, (c) 2024 Reuters

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